Menu

Spain VAT number format

A Spain VAT identification number is the prefix ES followed by 9 characters; the first, the last or both are letters; ESB58378431 is a well-formed example. The national check digit is public, so a mistyped number is caught before VIES is asked. Structure as published in the Commission’s VIES FAQ, consulted 2026-10-24.

Structure

Prefix ES, then 9 characters; the first, the last or both are letters. The regular expression the API applies to the part after the prefix is ^(?:[A-Z][0-9]{8}|[0-9]{8}[A-Z]|[A-Z][0-9]{7}[A-Z])$; letters are upper-cased and spaces, dots and dashes removed before the test.

Country prefixStructureExamplePublic check digit
ES9 characters; the first, the last or both are lettersESB58378431yes, verified before VIES

The check digit

Spain publishes the algorithm of its check digit, so an impossible number is refused before VIES is asked: the answer says structure.checksum: "failed", costs nothing and reaches no upstream. The same algorithms are implemented by the open libraries (jsvat, python-stdnum).

How to validate it

The structure says whether a string can be a Spain VAT number; only VIES says whether it is registered. The free check below asks VIES live and shows the registered name and address where Spain publishes them; the API does the same from your code.

curl — validate ESB58378431 on VIES
curl "https://veriport.io/api/v1/vat/validate?number=ESB58378431"

What a valid answer proves

That the number was registered for intra-EU trade at the moment of the check. Keep the date and, on paid tiers, the VIES consultation number: together they are the evidence a tax audit asks for when an intra-EU supply was zero-rated.

Questions

How many digits does a Spain VAT number have?
9 characters; the first, the last or both are letters, after the two-letter prefix ES: ESB58378431 is an example.
Is ESB58378431 a real VAT number?
It is a well-formed example used in the documentation; whether it is registered today is VIES’s answer, not this page’s. Check it with the free tool.

Free: VIES asked live, the answer dated and sourced.

Check a VAT number

Sources